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Algebra and Trigonometry Study Guide

Unit 7 · Core unit

Identities and Trigonometric Equations

Rewriting trigonometric expressions into a form that can be evaluated or solved, and reporting every solution the interval demands.

What a strong answer looks like

A strong answer reports all solutions in the stated interval, not only the one a calculator returns.

Topics in this unit

1

Fundamental Identities

Know

Reciprocal, quotient, and Pythagorean identities convert between the six functions and are the vocabulary of the unit.

Apply

Rewrite everything in sine and cosine when an expression resists simplification.

Watch out

Treating an identity as an equation to be solved rather than a transformation to apply.

Study move

Verify one identity by transforming a single side only.

2

Angle Sum and Double-Angle Identities

Know

These produce exact values for angles that are sums or doubles of familiar ones.

Apply

Decompose an unfamiliar angle into familiar parts, then apply the identity.

Watch out

Assuming a trigonometric function distributes across a sum, which it does not.

Study move

Find an exact value for an angle expressed as a sum of two special angles.

3

Solving Trigonometric Equations

Know

Because the functions repeat, the stated interval determines which solutions to report.

Apply

Solve for the trigonometric expression first, then find every angle in the interval producing it.

Watch out

Reporting only the calculator principal value and missing its reflection.

Study move

Solve a quadratic in sine and list every solution in one full turn.

Emphasized in this unit

  • Transforming one side when verifying
  • Never distributing across a sum
  • Reporting every solution in the interval

Varies by course

  • Half-angle identities. Included in some sequences.
  • Proof formality. Varies by teacher.

Mastery checklist

  • Verify an identity by one-sided transformation.
  • Use a sum identity for an exact value.
  • List all solutions in a stated interval.

Check yourself

  • Why can an identity not be solved like an equation?
  • Why does a calculator return only one solution?

Modeling drill

Solve a trigonometric equation with two solutions in one turn, showing how the second is found from symmetry.

Pythagorean identityQuotient identityAngle sumDouble anglePrincipal valueInterval